Outbreak investigation of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and its risk factors among the general population in Hyderabad, Pakistan: a matched case-control study

AUTHOR

Farah Naz Qamar, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Muhammad Khalid, Abdul Momin Kazi, Heeramani Lohana, Sultan Karim, Ayub Khan, Aneeta Hotwani, Shahida Qureshi, Furqan Kabir, Fatima Aziz, Naveed Masood Memon, Mudassar Hussain Domki, Prof Rumina Hasan.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
Pakistan is currently facing the largest outbreak of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi described to date. Here we aimed to report the outbreak investigation done in Hyderabad, Pakistan, and identify disease risk factors.
RESULTS:
Hyderabad faces the largest reported outbreak of ceftriaxone-resistant S Typhi. The outbreak is suspected to be attributed to the contaminated drinking water, especially the mixing of sewage with drinking water. The risk of ceftriaxone-resistant S Typhi infection is increased among children aged 15 years and younger, male individuals, and those eating outside the house. Vaccination and chlorination of water are recommended for the containment of the outbreak.

 

Click here to view the article, published in The Lancet.